New Doha International Airport Construction Cost

Largest civil airport in Doha, Qatar

This article is about Doha's current international airport. For the old airport which closed in 2014, see Doha International Airport.

Hamad International Airport

مطار حمد الدولي

Maṭār Ḥamad al-Duwalī

Hamad-International-Airport-Logo.svg
Hamad International Airport Qatar.jpg
  • IATA: DOH
  • ICAO: OTHH
Summary
Owner Qatar Civil Aviation Authority
Operator Qatar Airways
Serves Qatar
Location Doha, Qatar
Opened 30 April 2014 (7 years ago)  (2014-04-30)
Hub for
  • Qatar Airways
  • Qatar Airways Cargo
  • Qatar Executive
Elevation AMSL 4 m / 13 ft
Coordinates 25°16′23″N 51°36′29″E  /  25.27306°N 51.60806°E  / 25.27306; 51.60806 Coordinates: 25°16′23″N 51°36′29″E  /  25.27306°N 51.60806°E  / 25.27306; 51.60806
Website dohahamadairport.com
Map

DOH/OTHH is located in Doha

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH

Location in Doha , Qatar

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DOH/OTHH is located in Qatar

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH (Qatar)

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DOH/OTHH is located in Middle East

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH (Middle East)

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DOH/OTHH is located in West and Central Asia

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH (West and Central Asia)

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DOH/OTHH is located in Asia

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH

DOH/OTHH (Asia)

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Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
16R/34L 4,250 13,944 Asphalt
16L/34R 4,850 15,912 Asphalt
Statistics (2019)
Passenger movements 38,786,422 Increase12.4%
Aircraft movements 232,917 Increase5.6%

Source: Hamad International Airport[1] SkyVector[2]

Hamad International Airport (IATA: DOH, ICAO: OTHH) (Arabic: مطار حمد الدولي‎, Maṭār Ḥamad al-Duwalī ) is the sole international airport in the state of Qatar, and the home of Qatar's flag carrier airline, Qatar Airways. Located south of its capital, Doha, it replaced the nearby Doha International Airport as Qatar's principal airport. Formerly known as New Doha International Airport (NDIA), Hamad International Airport was originally scheduled to open in 2008, but after a series of costly delays, the airport finally opened on 30 April 2014 with a ceremonial Qatar Airways flight landing from nearby Doha International. Qatar Airways and all other carriers formally relocated to the new airport on 27 May 2014.[3] The airport is named after the previous Emir of Qatar, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani.

History [edit]

Planning and construction [edit]

The planning started in 2003 while the construction began in 2005. The site of the airport (terminal and runway) lies 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of the older Doha International Airport. It is spread over an area of 2,200 hectares (5,500 acres), and was set to initially serve airlines that will not utilize lounge access.

Hamad International Airport was designed to cater for a projected ongoing increase in the volume of traffic. The airport has an initial annual capacity of 29 million passengers, three times the current volume. Upon completion, it will be able to handle 50 million passengers per year, although some estimates suggest the airport could handle up to 93 million per year, making it the second largest airport in the region after Dubai.[4] It is also expected to handle 320,000 aircraft movements and 2 million tonnes of cargo annually. The check-in and retail areas are expected to be 12 times larger than those at the current airport. The airport will be two-thirds the size of Doha city.[5] The airport has an oasis theme. Many of the buildings have a water motif, with wave-styled roofs and desert plants growing in recycled water.[6] The airport is built over 22 square kilometres (8.5 sq mi), half of which is on reclaimed land.[7]

The Steering Committee awarded the contract for the development of the airport to Bechtel. The contract includes the design, construction management and project management of the facilities.[8] The terminal and concourses were designed by the architecture firm HOK. Engineering, Procurement and Construction contract for Phase I and II were undertaken by Turkish TAV Construction and Japanese Taisei Corporation.

Opening [edit]

Cargo operations began from 1 December 2013, with an inaugural flight by Qatar Airways Cargo arriving from Europe.[9] The original soft launch on 2 April 2013 was cancelled just a few hours prior, and was postponed indefinitely due to unsatisfactory safety related issues that needed further reviewing taking nine months to address.[10] Hamad International Airport was then set to begin passenger operations in January 2014, with a soft opening.[11]

Qatar Airways threatened a $600 million lawsuit against the joint venture contractor Lindner Depa Interiors for delaying the opening of the airport by failing to complete its lounges on time; LDI stated that it was delayed due to inadequate site access. Qatar Airways later blamed Bechtel for the opening delay in April 2013, citing failures to meet regulatory requirements.[12]

Operations [edit]

Hamad International Airport finally began passenger operations on 30 April 2014, with ten initial airlines operating.[13] Qatar Airways and remaining airlines started operations to Hamad Airport on 27 May 2014 at 09:00 (Qatar time).

An expansion plan announced in September 2015 called for an extension of the check-in area, an expansion of concourses D and E into a 1.3 km long concourse, a new passenger amenity area in the D/E complex with lounges, shops and restaurants.[14] [15] As part of this expansion plan, the Doha Metro was extended to the airport with the opening of the red line airport branch in December 2019.[16]

In 2016, the airport was named the 50th busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic, serving 37,283,987 passengers, a 20.2% increase from 2015.

In 2019, the airport witnessed a 12.4% increase in annual passenger traffic. More than 38.8 million passengers arrived at the airport in 2019, up from 34.5 million in 2018.[17]

Controversies [edit]

On 2 October 2020 a newborn female baby was found abandoned in a bin.[18] In response to this the authorities ordered females of childbearing age from 10 different planes to disembark and undergo a forced vaginal examination.[18] The Qatari Prime Minister issued an apology and ordered an investigation.[19] The Australian government "registered its strong disapproval and outrage" at the treatment of Australian women who were subjected to compulsory intimate medical examinations at Doha airport. Shortly thereafter the Qatari government cancelled a subsidy for the Australian lamb industry.[20] As of the beginning of 2021 none of the female victims have been contacted by the Qatari authorities [21]

Facilities [edit]

Terminal 1 [edit]

  • Concourse A has 10 passenger gates connected to jet bridges and is located west of the check-in area and Main Terminal. Two of the gates are designed to accommodate the Airbus A380.
  • Concourse B has 10 passenger gates connected to jet bridges and is located east of the check-in area. It has opened on April 30, 2014 with 10 airlines transferring operations over from Doha International Airport. Two of the gates are built to accommodate the Airbus A380. There is a small coffee shop located at the end of Concourse B, as well as smoking rooms, family areas, and an express duty-free store.
  • Concourse C has 13 passenger gates connected to jet bridges, two of them built specifically for the Airbus A380. There are 10 remote gates without a fixed jet bridge link connected to Concourse C. This Concourse has opened on 27 May 2014.
  • Concourse D Is fully operational. Gates 1–4 are on the first floor and Gates 18–24 on the ground floor. (Gates 2 and 4 will be permanently closed due to the expansion of HIA)
  • Concourse E Is fully operational. Gates 1–4 are on the first floor and Gates 18–24 on the ground floor. (Gates 2 and 4 will be permanently closed due to the expansion of HIA)

Concourses D and E are due to be extended with a possible Concourse F although plans are still to be finalised.[14] Terminal 1 features First (called Al Safwa First Class Lounge) and Business Class (called Al Mourjan Business Class Lounge) lounges which were opened by Qatar Airways CEO, Akbar Al Baker on 20 June 2014.

Lamp Bear [edit]

The most prominent figure inside the airport is a giant bronze statue of a teddy bear with its head in a lamp. The untitled sculpture, often known as "Lamp Bear", is one of three creations by Swiss artist Urs Fischer and is on display at the grand foyer of the airport's duty-free shopping hall. Standing at seven meters tall and weighing approximately 18-20 tons, the statue was previously displayed at the Seagram Building's plaza in New York City before being purchased by a member of the Qatari royal family at a Christie's auction for US$6.8 million.[22] [23]

In 2018 the airport added a new sculpture in their terminal, called Small Lie by American artist Kaws which was a donation from the Qatar Museum.[24]

Expansion [edit]

There are plans to expand the terminal in order to accommodate the increased passengers numbers of the FIFA 2022 World Cup, and to keep up with Qatar Airway's continued passenger growth. The airport handled 34.5 million passengers in 2018 and this is expected to rise to 53 million by 2020.[25] A new central building located between the existing Concourse's D & E will feature a 10,000 square metres (110,000 sq ft) tropical garden with a 268 meters (879 ft) tall water feature, similar to that found at Singapore Changi airport's Jewel complex. The project will also add 11,720 square metres (126,200 sq ft) of retail and F&B space, and an expanded transfer area. A new Qatar Airways Al Mourjan Business Class Lounge will occupy the mezzanine level, and covering 9,000 square metres (97,000 sq ft) it will be the world's largest airport lounge.[26] In addition concourses D & E will be lengthened to accommodate nine additional wide-body aircraft stands.

Runways [edit]

The airport has two parallel runways, located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from each other, which are designed for simultaneous take-offs and landings. The first is 4,850 m × 60 m (15,910 ft × 200 ft) and is considered to be the longest runway in Western Asia, and also one of the longest runways in the world. The second runway is 4,250 m × 60 m (13,940 ft × 200 ft).[27]

Airlines and destinations [edit]

Passenger [edit]

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights to and from Doha:

Airlines Destinations
Air Arabia Alexandria, Sharjah
Air Canada Toronto–Pearson[28]
Air Cairo Alexandria, Assiut, Sohag[29]
Air India Bangalore, Delhi, Mumbai
Air India Express Kannur, Kochi, Kozhikode, Mangalore, Mumbai, Thiruvananthapuram, Tiruchirappalli[30]
American Airlines New York–JFK (begins 7 June 2022)[31]
Badr Airlines Khartoum[32]
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Chittagong, Dhaka, Sylhet1 [33]
British Airways London–Gatwick
EgyptAir Cairo
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa[34]
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi[35]
flydubai Dubai–International[36]
Go First Kannur, Kochi, Mumbai[37]
Himalaya Airlines Kathmandu[38]
IndiGo Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kannur, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Lucknow, Mumbai, Pune (begins 16 January 2022),[39] Tiruchirappalli
Iran Air Shiraz
Jazeera Airways Kuwait City
Kuwait Airways Kuwait City
Middle East Airlines Beirut[40]
Nepal Airlines Kathmandu
Oman Air Muscat[41]
Pakistan International Airlines Islamabad, Lahore, Peshawar[42]
Pegasus Airlines Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen
Seasonal: Antalya[43]
Philippine Airlines Manila
Qatar Airways Abidjan, Abu Dhabi, Abuja, Accra, Alexandria, Adana, Addis Ababa, Adelaide, Ahmedabad, Algiers, Almaty,[44] Amman–Queen Alia, Amritsar, Amsterdam, Ankara, Athens, Atlanta, Auckland, Baghdad, Baku, Bangalore, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Barcelona, Basra, Beijing–Capital, Beirut, Belgrade, Berlin, Birmingham, Boston, Brisbane, Brussels, Bucharest, Budapest, Cairo, Canberra, Cape Town, Cardiff, Casablanca, Cebu, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chennai, Chiang Mai, Chicago–O'Hare, Chongqing, Clark, Colombo–Bandaranaike, Copenhagen, Dallas/Fort Worth, Dammam, Da Nang, Dar es Salaam, Davao, Delhi, Denpasar/Bali, Dhaka, Djibouti, Dubai–International, Dublin, Durban, Edinburgh, Entebbe, Erbil, Faisalabad, Frankfurt, Gaborone, Geneva, Goa, Gothenburg, Guangzhou, Harare, Hatay, Hangzhou, Hanoi, Helsinki, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Hyderabad, Isfahan, Islamabad, Istanbul, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen, Izmir, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Jeddah, Johannesburg–OR Tambo, Kabul, Karachi, Kathmandu, Khartoum, Kigali, Kilimanjaro, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Krabi, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuwait City, Kyiv–Boryspil, Lagos, Lahore, Langkawi, Larnaca, Lisbon, London–Gatwick, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Luanda, Lusaka, Luxor,[45] Lyon, Madrid, Mahé, Malé, Malta, Manchester, Manila, Maputo, Marrakech, Mashhad, Medina, Melbourne, Miami, Milan–Malpensa, Mogadishu, Mombasa, Montréal–Trudeau, Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Multan, Mumbai, Munich, Muscat, Nagpur, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Najaf, New York–JFK, Nice, Nur-Sultan, Odesa,[46] Oslo, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Penang, Perth, Peshawar, Philadelphia, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Pisa, Prague, Rabat, Riyadh, Rome–Fiumicino, Salalah, San Francisco, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Sarajevo, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Sharjah, Sharm El Sheikh,[45] Shiraz, Sialkot, Singapore, Skopje, Sofia, Sohar, Stockholm–Arlanda, St. Petersburg, Sulaymaniah, Sydney, Tashkent (begins 17 January 2022),[47] Tbilisi, Tehran–Imam Khomeini, Thiruvananthapuram, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Tunis, Venice, Vienna, Warsaw–Chopin, Washington–Dulles, Windhoek–Hosea Kutako, Yangon, Yerevan, Zagreb, Zanzibar, Zürich
Seasonal: Antalya, Bodrum, Dubrovnik, Málaga, Mykonos[48]
Regent Airways Chittagong, Dhaka[49]
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca[50]
Royal Jordanian Amman–Queen Alia
RwandAir Kigali[51]
SalamAir Muscat[52]
Saudia Jeddah, Riyadh
SriLankan Airlines Colombo–Bandaranaike[53]
Syrian Air Damascus
Tarco Airlines Khartoum
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
US-Bangla Airlines Chittagong, Dhaka[54]
Vistara Delhi[55]
  • ^1 Biman Bangladesh Airlines' flight from Doha to Dhaka makes a stop at Sylhet. However, the flight from Dhaka to Doha is non-stop.

Cargo [edit]

Airlines Destinations
Cargolux[56] Hanoi, Hong Kong, Luxembourg
Qatar Airways Cargo [57] Ahmedabad, Almaty,[58] Amsterdam, Atlanta, Bangalore, Beirut, Basel/Mulhouse, Brussels, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza,[59] Campinas, Casablanca, Chennai, Chicago–O'Hare, Colombo–Bandaranaike, Columbus–Rickenbacker, Dallas/Fort Worth, Delhi, Dhaka, Dublin, Entebbe, Erbil, Frankfurt, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Helsinki,[60] Hong Kong, Ho Chi Minh City, Hyderabad, Istanbul–Atatürk, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Kochi, Kolkata, Kuwait City, Lagos, Lahore, Liege, London–Heathrow,[61] Los Angeles, Luxembourg, Macau,[62] Madrid, Melbourne, Mexico City, Miami, Milan–Malpensa, Mumbai, Muscat, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai,[63] Oslo, Ostend/Bruges,[64] Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Perth, Pittsburgh,[65] Prague, Quito, São Paulo–Guarulhos,[59] Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Tehran–Imam Khomeini, Yangon,[66] Zaragoza
Turkish Cargo [67] Istanbul–Atatürk

See also [edit]

  • Transport in Qatar

References [edit]

  1. ^ "Qatar's Gateway achieved 12.44% increase in passenger numbers in 2019 compared to previous year". Hamad International Airport. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  2. ^ "OTHH: Hamad International Airport". SkyVector. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
  3. ^ "General Information". dohaairport.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-26 .
  4. ^ "albawaba.com middle east news information::$3.63 trillion earmarked for Middle East hotels and supporting tourism infrastructure". Menareport.com. 2007-12-17. Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2014-05-26 .
  5. ^ "New Doha International Airport, Qatar". Airport Technology. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2014-05-26 .
  6. ^ "Is the Hamad International ever going to open?". Qatar Chronicle. 2013-07-06. Archived from the original on 2013-07-12. Retrieved 2013-07-16 .
  7. ^ "Qatar targets 24m annual passengers in new airport". Gulfnews. 2008-02-11. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  8. ^ "Hamad International Airport, Doha, Qatar". Bechtel. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  9. ^ "Qatar Airways Cargo inaugurates freight operations at New Doha Airport". Ch-aviation.ch. 2013-12-01. Retrieved 2014-05-26 .
  10. ^ "new Doha Airport launch put off". News.yahoo.com. 2013-04-01. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  11. ^ "Doha's hamad airport to open in January 2014". Businesstraveller.com. 2013-11-28. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  12. ^ Attwood, Ed (2013-09-05). "New delay for Doha's Hamad International Airport". Arabian Business . Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  13. ^ Shabina S. Khatri (2014-04-10). "New April 30 soft launch date set for Hamad International Airport". Dohanews.co. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  14. ^ a b Aguinaldo, Jennifer (2015-09-16). "Doha unveils airport expansion plans". Middle East Business Intelligence . Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  15. ^ Townsend, Sarah (25 November 2015). "Leaking roof causes floods at Doha's $15bn Hamad Int'l Airport". Arabian Business . Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  16. ^ Neild, Barry (2018-03-27). "Qatar's Hamad International: World's most luxurious airport?". Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  17. ^ "Qatar's Hamad airport sees 12.4% increase in passengers in 2019". Reuters. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
  18. ^ a b "Qatar 'identifies parents of baby abandoned at Doha airport'". BBC News. Retrieved 2020-11-26 .
  19. ^ "Qatar to investigate 'invasive' exams of women at Doha airport'". BBC News. Retrieved 2020-11-26 .
  20. ^ "Australian lamb industry hit as Qatar cancels subsidy on $300m-a-year trade". the Guardian. 2020-12-01. Retrieved 2021-06-02 .
  21. ^ "We've heard nothing from Qatar, say invasive search victims". Australian Aviation . Retrieved 2021-06-02 .
  22. ^ "Lamp Bear". Hamad International Airport. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  23. ^ "10 things you didn't know about HIA's Giant Teddy". NRI Cafe. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  24. ^ "Doha's Hamad International Airport unveils second giant work of art". 2018-03-09. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  25. ^ "Hamad International Airport unveils expansion plan". Business Traveller . Retrieved 2019-10-23 .
  26. ^ "Qatar Airways to open world's largest airport lounge". Executive Traveller . Retrieved 2019-10-23 .
  27. ^ "AIRAC AIP Supplement 09/12 – Hamad International Airport (OTBD) – State of Qatar" (PDF). Bahrain AIP FIR. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  28. ^ "Air Canada announces a new strategic cooperation agreement with Qatar Airways as service to Doha begins". Air Canada. 16 December 2020.
  29. ^ "Air Cairo destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  30. ^ "Air India Express destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  31. ^ "Connecting Customers to the Middle East and Beyond, American Airlines Announces Service to Doha, Qatar". 9 December 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  32. ^ "Badr Airlines timetable". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  33. ^ "Biman destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  34. ^ "Ethiopian Airlines destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  35. ^ "Etihad destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  36. ^ "flydubai destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  37. ^ "Go First to connect Doha to 3 Indian cities". The Peninsula. 31 July 2021.
  38. ^ "Himalaya Airlines destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  39. ^ "Indigo to connect one more Indian city from Doha". The Peninsula. 12 September 2021.
  40. ^ "Middle East Airlines destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  41. ^ "Oman Air destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  42. ^ "Pakistan International Airlines destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  43. ^ "Pegasus Airlines destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  44. ^ "Qatar Airways announces the launch of flights to Almaty in Kazakhstan". Travel Daily News. 24 September 2021.
  45. ^ a b "Qatar Airways highlights Egypt: launches Sharm el-Sheikh, resumes Luxor and increases Cairo". aviation24.be. 30 September 2021.
  46. ^ "Qatar Airways to launch new service to Odesa, Ukraine". Qatar Airways. 25 October 2021.
  47. ^ Ahlgren, Linnea. "Qatar Airways Eyes Uzbekistan With New Tashkent Route". Simple Flying . Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  48. ^ "Qatar Airways destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  49. ^ "Regent Airways destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  50. ^ "Royal Air Maroc destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  51. ^ "Hamad International Airport welcomes RwandAir's direct flights from Kigali to Doha". Hamad International Airport. 2 December 2021.
  52. ^ "SalamAir destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  53. ^ "SriLankan Airlines destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  54. ^ "US-Bangla Airlines destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  55. ^ "Vistara international destinations". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  56. ^ http://www.cargolux.com/Customers/NetworkOffices.php?wa=4. Retrieved 2013-12-05 . [ dead link ]
  57. ^ "W20/21 Freighters Route Map" (PDF) . Retrieved 2020-10-22 .
  58. ^ "Qatar Airways Cargo Launches Freighter Services to Almaty, Kazakhstan".
  59. ^ a b "Qatar Airways" (Press release). Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  60. ^ "Qatar Airways Cargo adds Helsinki to pharma network". aircargoweek.com. 2017-10-03. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  61. ^ "Qatar to launch Heathrow freighter". Air Cargo News. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  62. ^ "Qatar Airways Cargo adds Macau / Round-the-world route in W18". RoutesOnline. 11 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  63. ^ https://www.logupdateafrica.com/qatar-airways-cargo-to-operate-b777f-to-osaka-4-south-american-destinations-to-join-its-network-from-jan-16-aviation
  64. ^ https://www.aviation24.be/airports/ostend-bruges/officially-added-to-qatar-airways-cargo-network/
  65. ^ https://www.bizjournals.com/pittsburgh/news/2020/12/04/qatar-airways-returns-service-at-pit.html[ bare URL ]
  66. ^ "Qatar Airways Cargo is the First International Airline to Launch Dedicated Freighter Service to Yangon". Qatar Airways Cargo (Press release). 2017-11-19. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
  67. ^ "Istanbul – Doha (Doh) Flights Frequency Increase". 2014-03-25. Archived from the original on 2017-10-05. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .

External links [edit]

Media related to Hamad International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

  • Official website

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamad_International_Airport

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